Which is a significant characteristic of cretinism?

Cretinism is a condition resulting from severe thyroid hormone deficiency, often due to congenital hypothyroidism. A significant characteristic of this condition is that it results in arrested physical and mental development. Individuals with cretinism may experience stunted growth and significantly delayed mental development, impacting their overall quality of life and functioning. This characteristic stems from the critical role of thyroid hormones in development and growth during early life, particularly in infancy and childhood.

Options that suggest excessive growth or enhancements in cognitive functions do not apply to cretinism, as the condition is marked by growth deficits and developmental delays. Additionally, an increase in metabolism contradicts the low metabolic activity typically observed in individuals with thyroid deficiencies associated with cretinism. Thus, the choice that accurately reflects the core impact of cretinism on physical and mental development is the one highlighting the condition's significant characteristic of resulting in arrested growth and mental development.