Which condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain?

Hydrocephalus is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. This condition leads to increased pressure within the skull, which can result in swelling of the brain and potentially damage brain tissues. The accumulation of CSF can be caused by various factors, including blockages in the pathways of CSF flow, overproduction of CSF, or issues with its absorption. Symptoms of hydrocephalus can include headache, nausea, balance problems, and cognitive difficulties, among others. This condition is distinct from other options listed, which involve different pathological processes and do not primarily focus on the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid.