Which condition is associated with painful urination?

Dysuria is the condition specifically characterized by painful or uncomfortable urination. This symptom often indicates an underlying issue, such as a urinary tract infection, bladder inflammation, or irritation caused by certain medications. The term itself combines 'dys-', meaning difficult or painful, with '-uria', relating to urine.

The other conditions listed do not pertain directly to painful urination. Anuria refers to the absence of urine production, while incontinence describes involuntary loss of urine without the warning of a need to urinate. Oliguria denotes a decreased output of urine, which can occur without pain. Understanding the distinct meanings of these terms is crucial for identifying symptoms and their potential implications for patient health.