What term describes the condition of exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spine?

The term that describes the condition of exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spine is kyphosis. This condition results in a noticeable rounding of the upper back, often referred to as a hunchback. Kyphosis can be caused by various factors, including developmental issues, degenerative diseases, and postural habits. It is characterized by an enhanced outward curvature, which can lead to discomfort and, in some cases, compromise lung function due to the altered positioning of the rib cage.

In contrast, lordosis refers to an exaggerated inward curvature of the lumbar region of the spine, scoliosis describes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, and flatback syndrome involves a reduction in the natural curvature of the spine in the lumbar region. Each of these terms relates to different spinal deformities, making kyphosis the correct choice in this context.