What term describes a condition that is present at birth?

The term that describes a condition that is present at birth is "congenital." Congenital conditions can encompass a variety of health issues, including genetic disorders, infections transmitted from the mother, or developmental abnormalities that occur during pregnancy. These conditions may affect various areas of health, such as physical structure, metabolism, or organ function, and are often identified at birth or shortly thereafter.

Other options refer to different concepts: "cochlea" pertains to a part of the inner ear involved in hearing, "cilia" are hair-like structures that can be found on cells for movement or sensory functions, and "cardiovascular" relates to the heart and blood vessels, not specifically to conditions present at birth. Thus, "congenital" is the most appropriate term for a condition existing from birth.