What role does eosinophil play in the immune system?

Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in responding to parasitic infections. They are particularly effective against larger parasites such as helminths (worms) and are involved in the inflammatory response that helps to combat these infections. Eosinophils release cytotoxic granules and other mediators that damage the membranes of parasites and contribute to the overall immune response.

Their presence and activity can also be observed in allergic reactions and asthma, but their primary function remains in combating parasites. This specificity for parasitic infection is what distinguishes them from other immune cells like neutrophils, which primarily target bacterial infections. As for the other roles mentioned, eosinophils do not primarily aid in wound healing, fight bacterial infections, or produce antibodies, which are functions more associated with other types of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes.