What procedure does an atherectomy describe?

Atherectomy is a medical procedure specifically aimed at removing atherosclerotic plaque from the interior of an artery. This plaque can develop from fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other cellular debris that builds up on the arterial walls, leading to narrowed or blocked arteries, which can result in serious cardiovascular issues. By conducting an atherectomy, physicians utilize specialized devices to cut away or grind down the plaque, thereby restoring blood flow and improving cardiovascular health.

The other options are not accurate representations of what an atherectomy entails. For instance, removing cholesterol from the blood refers more to medical treatments or lifestyle changes rather than a surgical procedure. Repairing heart valves focuses on different aspects of cardiac function, and removal of abnormal blood cells pertains to entirely different medical interventions, such as those related to hematology.