What is the term for the surgical removal of an entire mass or part without rupture, especially in reference to the eyeball?

The surgical removal of an entire mass or part without rupture, particularly in the context of the eyeball, is referred to as enucleation. This procedure involves the complete removal of the eyeball from its socket, crucial in cases where the eye is severely damaged or diseased, leading to irritation, pain, or risk of further complications.

Enucleation is often indicated when preserving the surrounding structures is necessary, and the technique requires precision to ensure that other ocular tissues are not harmed during the removal process. This distinguishes it from procedures that may involve partial removal or those that could risk damaging other important components of the eye.

Other terms, while related to medical procedures, do not pertain to the removal of the eyeball. Endometriosis refers to a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it. Epiglottitis is an inflammation of the epiglottis, and endarterectomy pertains to the surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery, typically to clear a blockage. These definitions confirm that enucleation is the only term that directly aligns with the specified surgical action in the question.