What is the purpose of an episiotomy during labor?

The purpose of an episiotomy during labor is to avoid spontaneous laceration of the perineum. An episiotomy is a surgical incision made in the perineum, the area between the vaginal opening and the anus, to enlarge the vaginal opening during childbirth. This procedure is performed to reduce the risk of severe tearing that can occur as the baby’s head progresses through the birth canal. By making a controlled incision, healthcare providers aim to manage the delivery more safely and prevent complications associated with deeper lacerations, which may require extensive repair and could lead to longer recovery times or other issues.

The other options do not accurately describe the purpose of an episiotomy. Cutting the umbilical cord is a separate procedure that occurs after delivery, while facilitating fetal monitoring and administering anesthesia are related to different aspects of labor management, not the specific purpose of performing an episiotomy itself.