What is the primary focus of studies in neonatology?

Neonatology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses primarily on the care of newborns, particularly those who are ill or born prematurely. This branch of pediatrics is dedicated to understanding and treating a variety of conditions that can affect infants in their first few weeks of life. Neonatologists are trained to manage and treat diseases and health issues in neonates, such as respiratory distress syndrome, infections, congenital anomalies, and other complications that can arise during this critical period.

The emphasis of neonatology is on the immediate postnatal care and the management of sick newborns, making it distinct from broader areas of pediatrics or obstetrics that might encompass other aspects like fetal development, childhood nutrition, or adolescent health. Understanding the specific challenges and interventions relevant to this vulnerable population is essential for improving survival rates and long-term outcomes for infants facing medical complications.