What is the goal of desensitization in medical treatment?

Desensitization in medical treatment is aimed at reducing an individual's sensitivity to specific allergens, primarily through the gradual exposure to low doses of these allergens over time. This process is particularly relevant for individuals who suffer from allergic reactions, including severe reactions like anaphylaxis. By administering low doses, the immune system gradually becomes accustomed to the allergen, leading to a decreased likelihood of severe reactions upon future exposure. This approach is a critical component of allergy management and can help improve the quality of life for those with allergies.

The other options do not align with the goal of desensitization. Curing viral infections is a different medical intervention involving antiviral treatments. Increasing sensitivity to allergens contradicts the purpose of desensitization, which is to decrease sensitivity. Additionally, while desensitization can have psychological effects, it does not directly aim to treat psychological disorders but rather focuses on managing allergic reactions.