What is indicated by the term hemiplegia?

Hemiplegia refers specifically to total paralysis that affects only one side of the body. This condition is often a result of damage to the brain, such as from a stroke, which affects motor control on one side, typically opposite to the side of the brain that is injured. The term "hemi-" indicates "half," which in the context of hemiplegia corresponds to the affected half of the body. Understanding hemiplegia is vital, especially in medical settings, as it informs the treatment and rehabilitation strategies necessary for recovery.

The other choices describe different conditions or levels of impairment. Total paralysis affecting both sides of the body is known as quadriplegia. Partial weakness on one side of the body would be classified as hemiparesis, which is distinct from hemiplegia. Lastly, a condition affecting the limbs could refer to various other neuromuscular disorders and does not specifically indicate the unilateral aspect of hemiplegia.