What is a nephrostomy?

A nephrostomy refers specifically to the creation of an artificial opening into the renal pelvis, which is the part of the kidney where urine collects before it moves into the ureter. This surgical procedure is typically performed to relieve obstructions that prevent urine from draining properly, such as blockages caused by kidney stones or tumors. By creating this opening, a nephrostomy allows urine to bypass the obstruction and be drained externally, serving as a crucial therapeutic intervention in certain medical conditions involving the urinary system.

Understanding the nature of a nephrostomy helps clarify its purpose and significance in managing kidney and urinary tract disorders. The other choices denote different medical procedures or conditions, but they do not accurately describe the specific definition and function of a nephrostomy.