What does malocclusion refer to?

Malocclusion refers specifically to a deviation from the normal positioning of the upper teeth against the lower teeth. This includes any misalignment that can lead to improper bite and difficulties in chewing or speaking. Understanding malocclusion is essential in dentistry because it can affect oral health, lead to abnormal wear on teeth, and cause discomfort or pain in the jaw. Recognizing this term is particularly important for those studying dental fields, as it establishes a foundation for understanding more complex dental issues and treatments.

The other options focus on different aspects of dental care. While a dental procedure for correcting tooth alignment does relate to malocclusion, it describes a treatment rather than the condition itself. Similarly, a type of dental hygiene practice and a cosmetic treatment for improving appearance do not accurately define malocclusion, as they pertain to preventive care and aesthetics, respectively, rather than the specific misalignment of teeth.