What condition is characterized by severe pain along the sciatic nerve?

The condition characterized by severe pain along the sciatic nerve is known as sciatica. Sciatica occurs when the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down to each leg, becomes irritated or compressed. This irritation can lead to a range of symptoms including sharp, shooting pain, often accompanied by numbness or tingling in the leg or foot. The pain is typically felt on one side of the body and can vary from mild discomfort to debilitating pain.

Understanding this condition involves recognizing its common causes, which can include herniated discs, bone spurs, or spinal stenosis, all of which can put pressure on the sciatic nerve. The specific term "sciatica" helps to identify the pain's root cause and location, distinguishing it from other types of pain that may arise from different conditions.